Fourth Generation
 

41. "George" Johannes Georgius4 Garlinger (Johann Heinrich3 Gerlinger, Phillippus Jacobus2, Christoph1) (#521) was born in Weitersweiler, Alsace November 6, 1740. "George" died April 8, 1794 in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at 53 years of age. His body was interred April 9, 1794 in St Michaels Zion, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

He was one of the tens of thousands of Germans who came to America as part of the Palatine Emigration from the Rhineland. When he was 21 years old, his father died in the Alsace, and he decided to go to America around 1763. He would have made his way down the Rhine River to the port of Rotterdam in Holland, with the help of the "newlanders" who assisted the desparate refugees for a price. He was youn and able-bodied and would have been able to secure passage on one of the overcrowded ships which regulary set sail for Philadelphia. He would fetch a good price from the merhants in Philadelphia to re-pay his expenses. The trip would last about 10 weeks and many ships stopped for a brief time in Cowes, England. The trip was difficult, sea-sickness and other illness would ravage the occupants of the ship and many would die before reaching America. Most of the ships arrived in the harbor of Philadelphia in late Fall. A vivid account of the arrival of these passenger ships was given by Rev. Henry M. Muehlenberg in the 1760's.

It is into such slavery that Johann Georgius Gerlinger sold himself. It was called "indentured servitude: and was normally for a period of 3 to 10 years of labor. We do not know the name of the ship or the length of servitude to which George indentured himself. A search of the List of Indentures for Sept 20, 1773 shows that George's brother, Ludwig, arrived from Rotterdam and was purchased as a servent by "Adam Baker and his assigns, a resident of Bristol Twp. in Bucks County."  Ludwig's term of service was for 3 years and he was bought for 23 pounds 17 pence. (SOURCE: Page 305 Pennsylvania German Society Page 811 5th Series PA ARCHIVES III Page 351 3rd Series PA ARCHIVES XV).

Ludwig would have been 21 years old when he arrived in America. His name was anglicised to Lewis Garlinger. George's and Ludwig's  brother, Johann Michael Gerlinger,  also came to America in 1780 as a soldier in the French Army.
 
After Johann Georgius Gerlinger completed his servitude, he settled in the Northern Liberties section of Philadelphia. He married Maria Christina Kist in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1770.. (Maria Christina Kist is #522.) Maria was born about 1745. Maria died after 1794. George and Maria Christina Garlinger attended St. Michael's and Zion Church located a few blocks north of Independence Hall in Philadelphia. The spelling of "Garlinger" appears as both Garlinger and Gerlinger in the church records of the 1770's and 1780's. It was during this period that the name was anglicised to Garlinger..

George and Maria attended church at the most important Lutheran church in America, St. Michael's and Zions Lutheran Church, near present day Franklin Square in Philadelphia  The Congregation was organized in 1742 and was the outcome of the preaching of Henry Melchior Muhlenberg, who came to Philadelphia in that year. As Europeans arrived in the New World, they erected churches. There was a shortage of clergy in early colonial America. Church services were often held by laymen who were respected for their knowledge of the Scriptures. Many congregations appealed to churches in Europe, hoping that clergy would be sent to help them.  In 1734, lay leaders of the German Lutheran congregations in Philadelphia, Trappe, and New Hanover joined together in such an appeal. Eight years passed before someone could be found to serve these churches. On September 22, 1742, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg arrived in Philadelphia to undertake the ministry. He is known today as the "patriach of the Lutheran Church in North America."  The establishment of German Lutheranism in America  is dated from the arrival of Muhlenberg in 1742.  He first preached in a frame barn on Arch Street, near Fifth Street, which was occupied by the German Reformed Congregation on December 5, 1742. The result of his ministry was the erection of a Lutheran Church on Fifth Street, above Arch, the corner-stone of which was laid April 5, 1743, and the edifice dedicated August 14, 1748. It was called St. Michael's. The present church building was built in 1870.

Zion Church was an offshoot of St. Michael's. This congregation erected a building at the corner of Fourth and Cherry Streets in 1766. It was destroyed by fire on December 26, 1794 and rebuilt in 1796.  It was the largest church building then in Philadelphia. So prominent was the Church attended by George and Maria Garlinger, that when news of Cornwallis's surrender at Yorktown reached the city, the Continental Congress assembled at Zion Church to give thanks on October 24, 1781.  On December 26, 1799, the Mock Funeral of Washington proceeded to Zion Church, where Henry Lee delivered an oration on the General and first President. In this discourse, he made use of the phrase "first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen." When he originally offered a resolution in Congress, he used the word "country" instead of countrymen."  The  building was removed, in 1870, after the erection of the present church.  (Source: Encyclopedia of Philadelphia, Page 1065)
 
On July 4, 1776, the Continental Congress declared Independence for the united States. This occurred just down the street from the St. Michael and Zion Church. It must have been an exciting time for George Garlinger in his new country. A week before, on June 27, 1776, the Continental Congress passed a resolution directing that a German Regiment be formed. Four companies of German's were to be raised in Pennsylvania and four companies from Maryland.  George's brother, Lewis (Ludwig) enlisted in the Pennsylvania German Regiment on July 20, 1776.

George Garlinger served several tours of duty in the Revolutionary War as found in the Pennsylvania Archives.

6th Series PA ARCHIVES I Pg. 159  George Gerlinger entered the Philadelphia Militia under the command of Capt. Percy on June 25, 1777

6th Series PA ARCHIVES I Pg. 347, 361 Capt. John Hewson's Company 2nd Regiment of  Foot Return to Philadelphia of George Garlinger on Aug 10, 1780

 6th Series PA ARCHIVES I Pg. 165  George Garlinger served Revolutionary War 3rd Class Philadelphia Militia: served his tour 1781  5th Battalion-Capt. Richard Salter's Company 2nd Class Philadelphia Militia

It is believed that George Garlinger marched with the Philadelphia Militia and George Washington on the long trek to Yorktown in 1781.  Oddly enough, George's younger brother Michael Guerlinger, a Frenchman, came to America with a French Army Regiment in 1780. In October 1781, Michael Guerlinger's Regiment  marched upon Yorktown joining up with the Continental Army led by George Washington. George Garlinger served with the Philadelphia Militia of the Pennsylvania German regiment.

A French military advisor, General Rochambeau, had joined Washington's staff in Rhode Island.  Washington had planned to attack New York City, but instead they decided to strike at Cornwallis in Virginia.  The French navy under Admiral DeGrasse sailed to Chesapeake Bay to prevent any escape or rescue of Cornwallis' army.  On August 20th, Washington and Rochambeau began the 500 mile march to Virginia.  Admiral DeGrasse with his fleet of 28 ships blocked the British fleet forcing it to return to New York.  Cornwallis was now bottled up in his fortified position at Yorktown. On September 28, 1781 the combined American and French Armies with George Garlinger and Michael Guerlinger moved form Williamsburg to take up positions in the trenches of Yorktown.
 
The combined Armies had Cornwallis surrounded. The French Navy had his retreat blocked as well as any hope for reinforcements or supplies. A surrender agreement was negotiated at Moore House overlooking Chesapeake Bay. On October 20, 1781, the British Troops marched out to surrender their arms. The Revolutionary War was effectively over, although it would be 1783 before a Peace Treaty was signed.
 
On the 10th of January 1783, Michael Guerlinger was granted a limited leave at Wilmington, Delaware under the seal of Duke Di Lauzin and countersigned by Major Beoffroy. His Regiment sailed for France on March 3, 1783 and Michael remained in America and settled in the Northern Liberties of Philadelphia near his older brother George Garlinger and his younger brother Ludwig (Lewis) Gerlinger.

George Garlinger is listed as Bondsman in the wedding of Michael Garlinger and Mary Grove (Maria Graf) on Jan. 26, 1785 in the city of Philadelphia. Michael Garlinger is listed in the 6th Series of PA ARCHIVES III Pg. 94 as a Private discharged from the Philadelphia Militia on Jan 6, 1788

Lewis Garlinger is listed in the 3rd Series PA ARCHIVES XV Pg . 352 as living a few houses down from George Garlinger in the Northern Liberties Township of PhiladelphiA in 1779.

Listed as taxpayer George Garlinger Northern Liberties Township, East Part County of Philadelphia for 1779
Amount of State Tax 15.0 3rd Series PA Archives XV pg. 88  
Effective Supply Tax 3.0   3rd Series PA Archives XIV pg. 648
Listed as taxpayer Geroge Garlinger Northern Liberties, City of Philadelphia- 1780 Valuation: 3,000 Tax 9.0.0
For the Place 14,000 Tax 42.0.0 3rd Series PA Archives XV pg. 351

George Garlinger died April 8, 1794 and was buried in the Lutheran cemetary that was once located in downtown Philadelphia near Sixth and Vine associated with the St. Michael and Zion Church., Maria Christina died sometime before 1800., Maria and  number of other Garlinger / Gerlinger's were buried there also . The cemetary lands were sold in the 1870's. Some of the remains were removed to the New Lutheran Burial Grounds on Hart's Lane in the Richmond section of Philadelphia. Some of the remains were claimed by relatives. Sadly, many of the graves simply had their tombstones placed horizontally on top of their graves and fill dirt was brought in to raise the elevation of the low lying ground.

Franklin Center Park and the concrete of  I-676 now cover the remains of many early German Lutheran pioneers who are still buried there beneath the concrete pillar of the Interstate and the green grass of the park.
 

"George" Johannes Georgius Garlinger and Maria Christina Kist had the following children:

child 65 i. Maria Magdalina5 Gerlinger (#882) was born in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania April 3, 1771. She married Theobald Klein in Pennsylvania, February 18, 1789. (Theobald Klein is #1041.)

She was christened in St Michael Zion, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 20, 1771. !Baptism: St. Michael's and Zion Church, Philadelphia sponsored by Magdelina Stagerin and Wm Bayer

child 66 ii. David Gerlinger (#883) was born in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania April 3, 1771. David died May 1771 in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at less than one year of age. His body was interred in St Michael Zion, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was christened in St Michael Zion, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 18, 1771.

child + 67 iii. Jacob Garlinger is believed to have been born around 1772 in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. However, it is quite likely Jacob was born as early as 1764 to a wife before Maria Christina Kist.

child + 68 iv. Heinrich Gerlinger was born in 1773 in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

child 69 v. Ludwig Gerlinger (#885) was born in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania April 1777. He was christened in St Michael Zion, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, August 3, 1777. BAPTISM: Sponsored by his uncle Ludwig (Lewis) Gerlinger.
Little Ludwig was born on Easter Monday of 1777

child 70 vi. Elisabeth Garlinger (#884) was born in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania January 7, 1784. She was christened in St Michael Zion, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, February 22, 1784. BAPTISM: Sponsers Heinrich and Christina Mosser

child 71 vii. Johann Gerlinger (#886) was born in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania March 28, 1786. He married Ann Minnick. (Ann Minnick is #925.) Ann died June 1835 in Kensington, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. WILL: A-154-1835 Philadelphia Will Administration Book O Page 199 !MISC: Estate administerd by Ann's brothers Joseph and Samuel Minnick in June 1835 in Philadelphia. Ann was identified as wife of John previously deceased.

He was christened in St Michael Zion, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, March 28, 1786. BAPTISM:Sponsored by Johann Christ and Andreas Diess
 

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